The city of Skopje is located in the central part of the Skopje Valley, surrounded by high mountains on all sides. The city is spread over an area of 1818km2 and is located at an altitude of 245m. According to official data from the State Bureau of Statistics, the total population of the city for 2012 is estimated at 609,140 citizens. With 336 inhabitants per km2 and 29.6% of the country's total population (2012), Skopje is the most populous region in the Republic of Macedonia. Most of the country's industrial, commercial and service capabilities are concentrated in this region. Skopje, as the capital of the Republic of Macedonia, is the economic, administrative, cultural and academic center of the country. According to the State Statistics Office, in 2011 the Skopje region had the highest GDP per capita (321,544 denarii) compared to other regions and contributed 42.4% to the total GDP of the Republic of Macedonia. Given the lack of regional development policies in the last two decades, this region represents the largest immigration area, in terms of internal migration. The quality of life in the city directly depends on the quality of the environment in broader terms, particularly in the Skopje Valley. Skopje is directly affected by biodiversity and ecosystems in the immediate vicinity of the center and in the valley, in particular in the Vodno mountains and Skopska Crna Gora. The climatic, meteorological and topographical characteristics of the Skopje Valley negatively affect air pollution, allowing the retention of concentrated gases in the lower layers of the air. Other factors related to energy production, industrial processes, traffic and transport, agriculture, etc. they also contribute to air pollution in Skopje. All these,...... middle of paper... networks have persisted for years, the latest strategic plan of the Ministry of Transport and Communications in 2008 did not outline any strategic act or pending program to improve the current situation. As a priority for improving spatial conditions, this plan outlines the adoption of a national strategy for sustainable urban development. Although the need to build sustainable urban infrastructure is clearly highlighted here, the plan did not contain concrete measures and activities on how to build such infrastructure. This suggests that the idea of sustainable development in urban areas is represented in national strategies and programmes, but only at a conceptual level. The Sustainable Urban Development Goals lack clear indicators on what specific legal actions and measures should be taken for their implementation.
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