The distinction between linguistic structures in two languages described as comparative analysis, such as the differentiation between phonetic and syntactic patterns (Longman Dictionary of English 1978). Linguistic identity between languages is more than differences. Since Haliday described that in the language in use the important unit is not just the word or structure but the text, a text may consist of one or more words. For the identification of specific problems and complexities, contrastive analysis has the power to define the functioning of words in the text (Cabrera). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay The first work on the analysis of word organization was done by CA Smith in 1893. The syntactic norms were observed by him. Words seem like simple entities, but at some syntactic level they become problematic (Arts 2001). The syntactic criteria for word order are based on the given words, with which the word occurs, and on the sentence types in which a given word occurs. The syntactic criteria of word order are the most important (Miller, 2002). A contrastive study on word order in creoles is conducted by DeGraff (2008). Another important contrastive investigation of word order in Standard English and Arabic was conducted by Souadkia, who analyzed the word patterns of these two languages and illustrated the noun phrase and verb phrase organization of these two languages. At first glance, it seems that words can be classified according to their meaning, but there are also many words whose semantic properties do not correspond in semantic categories but can be divided into grammatical word classes. Different types of language have different word orders in specific types of constructions (Radford, 2006). Since Handbwch der Qanienkunde illustrated that the word order of modified Spanish does not differ much from traditional Spanish, he considered Spanish to be an independent language compared to French which appears to be an ancient survivor of Latin. CRABB compared the word order of Old Spanish and French in 1955. Anni Haarhof analyzed word order problems in the Anglo-Norman language. Sitaridou of Cambridge University conducted a comparative study of the word order of the ancient romance. He described that there is diversity among the word orders of ancient Romance languages. The perspective of the second verb is observed in Germanic literary writings. Rinkie 2007 examined the word order of Old Portuguese and Edie 2006 compared the word order of Classical Portuguese. Thompson conducted a study on the variance of word order in the Russian language, defining that in Russian grammatical features are illustrated by specific signs with words and words are free to perform functions and the distinctive feature of Russian compared to English in which some specific words are used to perform grammatical functions. Word order is easily dispersed when the language is in contact ((Heine 2006). Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a custom essay In Rumelian Turkish word order words is a syntactic feature that is modified ( Friedman, 2006). Dogruöz & Backus pointed out that Dutch Turkish has failed to define written word order similarities for the Balkan varieties. As illustrated, if speakers do not understand the word structures in use, this will not define those speakers do not have these word orders in their ordinary linguistic use (Gullberg et al. 2009). 20014.
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