Topic > Ethical theories and their relevance

IndexIntroductionVirtue ethicsTheories of ethics: rightsRelativist theoryObjectivist theoryConsequentialist theoryDeontology theoryComparison between theoriesACM and IEEE codes of ethicsConclusionWorks citedIntroductionEthics is a collection of knowledge that deals with moral principles (i.e. acts of right or wrong accepted by an individual or a social group) and theories are a set of principles on which the practice of an activity is based. Ethical theories are more applicable in each industry and more used in ICT industry. Thus, the field of morality has a broad level of martiality in different divisions. The main purpose of the report is to clarify all the main ethical theories applied in ICT and the specialized code of ethics related to the ICT industry. This report covers the moral theories associated with ICT and describes them in detail and this report highlights the comparison and distinction between all moral theories (e.g. rights versus virtue, relativist versus objectivist, and consequentialist versus deontology). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Virtue ethics This theory defines an individual activity as ethically right or wrong by judging it based on the character of the individual involved in it rather than the action itself, that is, virtue is a test that allows one to fulfill the task well own character. For example, what is required to be an excellent professor is different from what is required to be an excellent soldier because soldier and professor both have different functions. There are three main components of this theory which are briefly described below: Eudemonism: This is the component of the morality of excellence which states that the individual's essential point in his life is to prosper, be happy or live life well. A virtue that empowers a person to achieve the primary goal of life, i.e. bliss, contributes to prosperity and stimulates a great life. Ethics of faithfulness and self-care: This ethical virtue suggests that the meaning of community, commonality and relationship lies above universal lies means going beyond universal standards and fairness. This theory requires that we treat those closest to us with special care. This theory has a new responsibility to concern ourselves with ourselves, affectively, mentally, physically and spiritually. Agent-based Theories: This is the third component of moral theories that portrays a specific activity of the specialist or provides a moral judgment based on the moral sense. This element of virtue ethics mentioned above is related to the field of ICT, however there are a couple of examples which are considered ethically false by other moral speculations, but take on a huge role on the scene of virtue ethics. For example, transferring movies, songs, videos, and alternative proprietary content from the network can be a task typically performed by multiple users. This is considered morally wrong by assumptions, for example, consequentialism. No matter how, based on virtue ethics, it is considered ethically correct, it arouses people's joy. It also says that content downloaded from the net for private enjoyment and joy and shared with family and friends there is nothing wrong with the activity. Theories of Ethics: Rights The second theory of ethics and its parts applied to ICT is that the theory of rights where the action or decision would be considered ethically correct if it respects the rights of other people. Rights theory is the subset of deontological theory provided to the individual when the discussion concerns rights. There are many different types of rights.Some of them are the main rights that people have: legal rights, human rights and contractual rights. the right to vote is a legal right because it is derived from law and legally enforceable freedom of speech is an example of fundamental human rights that all people should be entitled to because they are human being while contractual rights are derived from an agreement or relationship. For example, the right to purchase a particular product or service, the right to sell a product or service, the right to be the only seller or buyer are contractual rights. Theories applied to ICT business because they portray a specific demonstration by estimating it with the rights that are given to a person. For example, in each country there are specific laws that prohibit people from transferring certain types of content on the Internet that significantly contains content that could harm a political branch or legislator. but this theory allows every people to fully exercise their rights of expression and faith. Theory of Relativism It is also the ethical speculation applicable in every sector that structures its choice on the way mortality is with respect to the traditions, practices, beliefs and norms of one's way of life and society. That is, different societies have different moral codes that determine what is right or wrong in that society. Calling the action ethically right in that society makes right what action might be wrong for another society, and there is no objective standard that can be used to judge one society's code against that of another. This theory applies in the world of ICT. For example, Facebook is a site that is blocked in some parts of the world. Likewise, there are a number of associations that allow the use of Facebook and other informal communication applications, while some of them prohibit people for the period of using such applications for legitimate reasons according to the standards of the general public. Be that as it may, there is no limitation to these applications in other parts of the world. Objectivism Theory In moral objectivism, moral qualities and ideals are free over anything outside of them. In moral objectivism the moral law is uncreated, interminable and not subject to any will, heavenly or human. Moral absolutism is also a type of moral objectivism. No amount of willpower can mitigate the outcome of illegal acts. There is no beauty in ethical objectivism. To avoid sanctions, you need to improve your life and absolutely follow the law. The law of destiny, the continuous birth, death and rebirth until such ethical perfection is achieved, seems to be the last word of moral objectivism. This hypothesis recommends that any movement within the world of information and communication technology (ICT) industry be regarded as morally right, abide by the laws that flow and deal with the same. For example, downloading copyright files from the Internet is considered ethically correct with respect to ethical virtues, while legal punishments may be provided for such an act which is considered morally out of place under the hypothesis of objectivism. Consequentialist theoryThis hypothesis of morality states that a demonstration is ethically correct. fair and just if the final product of such a demonstration does not damage any reality in any way. There are two essential criteria in the hypotheses which are incorporated below: The consequences of the act confirm whether the character of the act is correct or incorrect The number of negative results of the act of associated degree verifies the wrongness of the act and vice versa There are several types of In this hypothesis, for example, hedonism states that human joy shouldbeing in first place in an event, while utilitarianism states that the utility of the action is of primary importance. Its activities are applicable in the ICT sector. There are acts that are defended on the basis of other moral hypotheses which are however defined as ethically false based on their negative outcome. For example, the case of free downloading of proprietary content from the internet is ethically correct only by ethical virtue if the same act is connected to an individual advantage. According to the principle of consequentialism this act is considered ethically wrong since it ends up at a loss for the owner of the content who uploads such files to the Internet. Despite the fact that there may be legal commitments for the substance suppliers and the client. The main result of this act causes harm to the associated parties and therefore, virtuously and ethically incorrect. Theory of deontologyTheory of deontology that uses rules to distinguish right from wrong. Kant believed that moral actions followed universal ethical laws such as not lying, not stealing, and not cheating. this can simply be applied because it is simply necessary for individuals to follow principles and perform their duty which tends to fit well with our natural intuition regarding what is or is not moral. This theory does not contemplate the outcomes, consequences, or virtues behind the act of graduation as people must simply be forced to follow a set of rules. Comparing Theories Code of Ethics and Professional Practices: Australian Computer Society (ACS) Code of Ethics. The Australian Information Society Code of Ethics is part of the ACS Constitution. this in light of the many estimates of society, for example, the priority of the public interest should be well above personal, corporate or sectoral interests, the improvement of the quality of life of those engaged in work, honesty is that the illustration of skills, knowledge, services and goods, skillfully and diligently combining qualified development and competence. Connection between code and ethical theories. There are moral theories that show all the principles that constitute the gift within the ACS code of ethics such as those of the idea of ​​consequentialism and objectivism. while the theory of ethics does not return to the first priority in the ACS code of ethics which states that public interest should be higher than private interest. however, only in the case of virtue ethics is it right to place self-interest at the first level. ACM and IEEE Codes of Ethics There are seven audit rules that govern the Code of Ethics. Resources in the field of ICT must maintain the enthusiasm of the general population on the individual intrigueThe interest of the consumer and the leader should be considered and amalgamated with the general public interest. Competent guidelines and best practices must be followed at every stage of the course of project events. Expert judgment should embrace the climate of integrity and independenceA moral approach could be followed by the directors and pioneers to supervise and maintain the business exercisesThe integrity and name of the profession should be in the interest of the general publicTeam spirit, coordinated effort and participation must be of abnormal status and reasonableness should be maintainedConnection between ethical codes and theoriesThe ethical theories mentioned above connect to these principles as each individual theory holds that the most effective practices, and therefore harmony, should be followed it is also inspired by all of them. one of the theories that differs from the ACM and IEEE computer science principles is virtue ethics which places self-interest above the general public interest. Please note: this is just one..