Introduction Since the antibiotic bug began in the mid-20th century, antimicrobial resistance has been recognized. The increasing use of antimicrobial agents in recent years has led to the development of resistance to these drugs. However, clinical threats have been minimized by the availability of newer agents (Bonomo & Tolmasky 2007). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines antimicrobial resistance as the resistance of a microorganism to an antimicrobial drug to which it was previously sensitive (WHO 2012). Bacteria have developed a variety of resistance mechanisms to counteract the introduction of successive classes of antibiotics. This has led to a growing interest in studying antimicrobial resistance from various points of view. Areas primarily addressed include; mechanisms underlying these resistances, improved methods of resistance detection in case of their emergence, alternative treatment of infections caused by resistant organisms and finally strategies to prevent and minimize the emergence and spread of resistance (Vincent 2011). The history of β-lactamases since the discovery of TEM in 1965 has clearly indicated how the microbial world keeps pace with technical advances. The emergence and spread of new opportunistic pathogens arise from real clinical needs for new antimicrobial antibiotics. Metallo β-lactamases (MBLs) have been found to be the most versatile enzymes with their ability to insensitively convert the host to almost total β-lactam. β-lactam antibiotics; the agents most used in Gram-negative sepsis are unable to treat infections caused by these organisms (Raghunath 2010). The enzyme New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1), in particular, confers clinically impo... Principles and Practice. Salt Lake City: Academic Press. Kumarasamy, K., Toleman, M.A., Walsh, T.R., et al. 2010. Emergence of a new mechanism of antibiotic resistance in India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom: a molecular, biological and epidemiological study, Lancet Infectious Diseases, [Online]. Available at: [Accessed 9 March 2012].Raghunath, D. 2010. New metallo-β-lactamase NDM-1, Indian J Med Res 132, [Online]. Available at: [Accessed 10 March 2012].Vincent, JL, 2011. Annual update in intensive care and emergency medicine 2011. London: Springer.WHO, 2012. Antimicrobial resistance: fact sheet N*194. [Online]. Available at: [Accessed March 10 2012].