Stop-and-frisk has been a controversial police practice since it was first approved by the Supreme Court in 1968. In Floyd v. City of New York, The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York has ruled that New York City's stop-and-frisk practices violate both the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments. In New York City, stop-and-frisk practices have generated intense debate about the wisdom and legality of these procedures. From January 2004 to June 2012, the New York City Police Department made 4.4 million pedestrian arrests, of which over 80% were African American or Latino (Rudovsky & Rosenthal 2013). More than half of the people stopped were also subjected to searches (Rudovsky & Rosenthal 2013). The number of annual stops increased dramatically from 314,000 in 2004 to a high of 686,000 in 2011. 52% of all stops were followed by protective searches for weapons; only in 1.5% of these searches was a weapon found (Rudovsky & Rosenthal 2013). Eight percent of stops ended with a search of the clothing of the person stopped because during the search the officer felt an object that he suspected was a weapon or that he immediately perceived as other contraband. In 9% of these searches the object was a weapon. Of the 4.4 million stops, 6% ended in arrest; 6% resulted in a summons. The remaining 88% did not lead to any further law enforcement action. The officer used force in 23% of stops of blacks, 24% of Hispanics and 17% of whites. Guns were seized in 1 percent of black arrests, 1.1 percent of Hispanics, and 1.4 percent of whites. Contraband other than weapons was seized in 1.8% of black arrestees, 1.7% of black arrestees... middle of paper... perception that time of day corresponds to crime incidents; fugitive movements exhibited by suspects, indicating that the suspect is preparing to flee the scene or escape from temporary police custody; suspect you are investigating a victim or location; and proximity to the crime scene. Studies show that black suspects (49.5%) and Hispanic suspects (26.5%) were targeted more by police than white suspects. When you first analyze this data, it appears to be racialized policing. However, when examining the gender factor and its effect on police stop and search practices, this research shows that male suspects (83.7%) are more likely to be stopped by the police than female suspects (7, 1%). Based on this data, it can also be argued that this is a form of gender policing, where one gender is targeted more often than the other..