Pain is when the body becomes aware of the damage it has suffered. Unrelieved pain can cause or worsen physical or mental illness, can slow recovery, and increase the risk of complications or death (Arnstein, 2010). Virtually every person has been or will be subjected to pain in their lifetime. Once the initial pain problem is recognized, finding the appropriate relief can be confusing. Analgesics are over-the-counter, non-opioid medications that help relieve mild to moderate pain, like NSAIDs. These drugs provide analgesia by removing the cause of pain (Chatu, 2011). The classification of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) is divided into three categories; Aspirin, with a brand name like Bayer, Ibuprofen, with a brand name like Advil, and Naproxen with a brand name like Aleve. First, the analgesic NSAID, aspirin, most commonly used to aid in the onset of a heart attack by thinning the blood to prevent clots from forming. Often used to reduce fever and relieve mild to moderate pain. Also used for menstrual cramps, arthritis and toothache. Too many doses of this NSAID could cause ringing in the ears. This OTC (over-the-counter), non-prescription medication belongs to the salicylate group, which means it blocks the production of certain natural substances that cause fever, pain, swelling, and blood clots. Combination over-the-counter medications may contain aspirin, as do antacids. Each type of pain medicine has benefits and risks (Dugdale, 2011). Different types of pain may respond better to different types of NSAIDs. The second NSAID is ibuprofen, which is used for inflammation of the muscles. This type of pain reliever is also used to help reduce fever and relieve pain caused by headaches, muscle aches and stiffness (Staff, 2012). Anti-inflammatory agents block the production of biochemicals called prostaglandins that cause swelling and pain. Millions of Americans suffer from arthritis and other painful health problems that affect the musculoskeletal system: joints, muscles, and bones (Dugdale, 2011). Ibuprofen can be purchased without a prescription and, when taken for a short time, is safe for most people. Always be aware of any side effects such as bleeding, ulcers, and stomach pain when using an NSAID. The third and final pain reliever is naproxen. If ibuprofen doesn't work for pain, naproxen may be an option (Staff, 2012).
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