The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, Eaton's examination of the proliferation of Islam in Bengali from the 13th to the 18th centuries, presents compelling arguments in support of a model striking in contrast to those approved by Eaton's predecessors. This article will present a juxtaposition of theories including a comprehensive examination of the historical processes vital in cultural change. Eaton's argument holds that the agrarian frontier was the foundation of economic growth and the political frontier is responsible for gathering individuals and enabling the expansion of agriculture. Furthermore, the cultural frontier is constituted by a triad of processes that over time fuse Muslims and non-Muslims in the Bengal region. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, several theories developed that explained the spread of Islam in the East Bengal region. Each of the theories serves as the basis for Eaton's argument; in fact, the theories overlap and are carefully incorporated into Eaton's thesis. First, the theory that Eaton calls “immigration theory” explains that the large concentration of Muslims in Bengal are descendants of migrants who arrived by land and sea, before the Mughal Empire. While it is logical to assume that some Muslims immigrated to the Bengal region, this theory explains the spread of human populations rather than cultural diffusion. The "religion of the sword" theory assumes that Islamization in Bengal was the result of military and political coercion on the local population. population. But it fails to answer why the large concentration of Muslims existed inversely in East Bengal. Later, I will address Eaton's new findings relating to the large concentration of Muslims in East Bengal, rather than in W...... middle of paper ...... pic Eaton uses to explain the inevitable consolidation of deities, and formation of a monotheistic region. The depiction of superhuman beings in these texts served as cultural translation for increasingly literate non-Muslims. The epic was very influential in portraying Islamic cosmology as more similar to that of Hinduism. The three processes of cultural change offered by Eaton provide compelling evidence that separates his theory and research from that of his predecessors. A combination of geographical changes, expansion of multiple borders, creation of a complex sociopolitical system and sociocultural changes over a period of time has led to the world's second largest concentration of Muslims in East Bengal. Works Cited Eaton, R. M. (1993). The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760. Los Angeles: University of California Press.