Madison states that people have ambitions and interests that are personal motivations. These reasons should not prevail over those who administer each department. In a representative democracy it is not only important to guard against oppression by rulers, it is equally important to guard against injustice that may be inflicted by certain citizens or groups. He ardently advocated political power for the minority, which could not happen in a direct democracy. Direct democracy favors the majority and can lead to mob rule. In Madison's "Federalist No. 10," he promoted a representative democracy in which ordinary citizens would elect statesmen to represent their interests. Madison similarly believed in federalism, or the separation of powers, so that factions, or minority interests, had multiple paths to power. He saw factions as protection against tyranny and encouraged a form of government that encouraged and strengthened factions. If the majority always took over and minorities had no say, things like slavery would never be abolished. Numerous factions would also mean that no one group would be able to take complete control of the government and this would give rise to what Madison called “politics”, i.e. the art of governing. Madison says each branch should be independent and no branch should have too much power in selecting members of the other two branches. If one had accumulated all the political power, nothing could stop him from acting tyrannically. The authors of the Constitution of 1787 solved the problem of reconciling a strong and lasting separation of powers with republican government by means of a new doctrine of constitutionalism. Having the US Constitution limit political power is so important as... middle of paper... you, mostly driven by anger and not thinking about the policy they propose. These passions move from the House of Representatives to the Senate to cool. Likewise, passion drives divisions. For example, people usually believe based on emotions, and then regret the decision they made. The saucer cools the hot tea is when people take a day to refresh their emotions and then decide without the strong passion of emotions. Currently, there are many political situations going on and a lot of passion and anger: from terrorist acts in San Bernardino and Florida, to gun control policies and refugee immigration issues in the Middle East and Mexico. All of these passions fall within the checks and balances within the Constitution for the Senate and House of Representatives to discuss. “If the majority is united by a common interest, the rights of the minority will be insecure.”