Topic > Bullying at School: Prevention Strategies from Counselors

Bullying is defined as “verbal, physical, or psychological abuse or teasing accompanied by a real or perceived power imbalance” and usually targets what children they perceive as different (Olweus, 1993 ). Bullying is widespread across the nation. It has devastating effects on students every day. Bullying is a problem for all students, regardless of race, gender, or class. The National Education Association reports that every day 160,000 children intentionally absent themselves from school because they fear being bullied, whether it is an attack or simply intimidation by other students. This represents 15% of all school absenteeism (Hunter, 2012). Dan Olweus (1993) of the National School Safety Center tells us that bullying includes three parts: (1) negative and unwanted aggressive behavior, (2) the behavior is repeated over time, and (3) there is an imbalance of power or strength . One in seven school-age students will be bullied or commit acts of bullying. (Cacciatore, 2012). Statistics show that 10% of students who drop out of school do so because they have suffered repeated bullying at school (Hunter, 2012). Previous research indicates that bullying causes students to disengage in school (Hoover & Oliver, 1996). Bullying often causes students to become angry and hurt and experience low self-esteem and even depression (Banks, 1997). Many students experience problems with academic performance, interpersonal relationships, and physical and mental health due to bullying (O'Brennan, Bradshaw, & Sawyer, 2009). Previous research has also found that bullying is the common form of victimization that children will face during their school years (Nansel, et al., 2001). All students will be exposed to bullying in some form starting in the middle of the article. J. Ruan, B. Simons-Morton, and P. Scheidt. 2001. “Bullying Behaviors Among U.S. Youth: Prevalence and Associations with Psychosocial Adjustment.” Journal of the American Medical Association. 285:2094–2100.O'Brennan, L.M., C.P. Bradshaw, and A.L. Sawyer. 2009. “Socioemotional Problems Among Bullies, Victims, and Bully/Victims: Implications for Prevention and Intervention.” Psychology in Schools 46:100–115. Olweus, D. 1993. Bullying in schools: what we know and what we can do. Malden, MA:Blackwell.San Antonio, DM& Salzfass, EA. (2007). How we treat each other at school. Educational Leadership, 64(8). Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/may07/vol64/num08/How-We-Treat-One-Another-in-School.aspx. US Department of Education. (1998). Preventing bullying: a handbook for schools and communities. Washing, DC: Author.