Today, global energy supplies, manufacturing economics, and environmental regulations control industry around the world. This defined the demand to save energy, reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment for the next generation. For this reason, engineers are starting to propose tools and innovations to reduce the energy used. Pinch analysis is a tool used to design heat exchanger networks (HENs) with lower energy consumption. This article will focus on pinch analysis and the application of the second law of thermodynamics. Pinch analysis: pinch technology is a technology that provides a systematic methodology for energy saving in processes and plants. The methodology based on the lower first law and the second law of thermodynamics. Pinch analysis uses the Temperature-Enthalpy (TH) diagram, a composite curve. The temperature axis represents the driving forces available for heat transfer, while the enthalpy axis shows the supply and demand for heat. For processes with multiple cold streams, the relative thermal tasks of the individual processes are combined into a single cold composite curve. This incision is drawn on a TH Temperature-Enthalpy diagram, which represents the enthalpy demand profile of the process. Likewise, all thermal tasks for the hot streams are combined into a single hot composite curve, which represents the enthalpy availability profile of the process. The next step is to define the minimum approach temperature (∆Tmin), which is a rule derived from the second law of thermodynamics. The optimal value of the approach temperature is a compromise between the operational cost savings and the capital cost of the total area. The two curves, cold composite curve and hot composite curve, are moved horizontally and brought together until the closest vertical approach between them equals the... center of the paper... the minimum energy target under optimal temperature conditions minimum achieved used for the process. The same topology as the zero design will be maintained, but the new design will have relaxed heat exchangers with the second minimum energy target. Following these steps will help you design a heat exchanger network that will have minimum energy quality and have the ability to be easily retrofitted. Conclusion: The second law of thermodynamics can be used as a tool to reduce utility costs in a heat exchanger network problem. Low total entropy productions show better utilization of energy quality but at a high area cost. The planned measures have helped reduce the net cost of utility service now and in the future. New heat exchanger network design opens the door to more aggressive energy savings and greater reductions in greenhouse gas emissions in any industrial facility.
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