The idea that church practices such as indulgences went against the humanist approach led to the outbreak of the Reformation. According to Professor Shegan, Martin Luther (1483-1546), one of the reformers, understood that the church held a kind of key for people to go to heaven. However, Luther despised the sacraments of the Catholic Church, especially the ideal of infant baptism. This is one of the reasons why the reform seemed harmful to the Catholic Church as it created a schism. Professor Shegan, in lesson 4, also explained how Luther despised the Catholic Church's teaching of salvation. Luther said that people do not have to work to earn salvation. While the Catholic Church stated that there were a number of things that people had to do to earn salvation. The Catholic leadership blamed the Renaissance because it allowed many reformers to ultimately go against the Church that unified all of Europe. Both humanists such as Eramsus and the reformers were against the church's sale of indulgences for cash. They both agreed that Christ, as specifically stated in the Bible, had already forgiven all of their sins