CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 TourismDefined as an act of marketable society and a process of vacationing and traveling to destinations of interest or the act of a person going to and living in places outside your comfort environment for no more than 12 continuous months for leisure, business and other purposes. Tourism can be classified into inbound tourism and outbound tourism. Inbound tourism is defined as consisting of the activities of non-residents' travel to another country and stays not exceeding 12 months for leisure, business or other purposes (Official Statistics Finland (OSF), 2014; Serviturex, 2014). The act of outbound tourism which is defined as activities where residents travel and stay in places outside their country of residence and comfort zone for a duration of less than 12 months for any type of purpose (Statistics officials of Finland (OSF), 2014; Figure 2.1 shows the inbound and outbound tourism that exists in tourism. In addition, tourism can also be classified into domestic and international tourism as the act of residents of the country traveling within their country of residence but outside their comfort zone for no more than 12 months for the purposes of leisure or work (Statistics Finland, 2014; United Nations and Organization World Tourism Organization (OECD 2006) and the United Nations (1999) stated that international tourism can be defined as the set of national activities that provide direct support for the consumption of goods and services by international tourists. in the country. Figure 2.2 shows the domestic and international tourism that exists in tourism....... middle of paper...... provides professional and high-quality medical care and services, along with advanced facilities at affordable prices (Georgetown Penang , n.d.). Furthermore, reasonable prices in Penang Island compared to Singapore and Thailand, Penang Island attracted medical tourists from Indonesia, Singapore, Japan and the United States in 2010. This amounts to more than RM230 million for the states and contributes 70% to Malaysia's profit. profit from medical tourism. Listed by several websites as a highly recommended place to access medical care, Penang has become one of the locations at the forefront of medical tourism, whereby competitive prices from hospitals and well-educated communities are offered product. The highly qualified doctors and nurses working in Penang hospitals are generally educated, trained and certified in the United States, Europe and Australia (Visit Penang, 2009).