After the pretreatment process, the water is held for two hours in a tank which allows large turbidity particles to settle to the bottom of the tank. Turbidity is what causes water to appear cloudy due to colloidal particles, ranging in size from 1 to 1000 nm, and other suspended particles such as sand, silt, organic matter from plants and animals, and microscopic organisms. Turbidity can be a sign of pathogens in the water. Turbidity is a primary standard for safe drinking water. Turbidity in water after treatment should be equal to or less than 0.3 nephalometric turbidity units (NTU) in 95% of samples per month [1]. This collection of turbidity that falls to the bottom of the basin is called mud. The sludge is then removed periodically via a sludge removal system. Approximately 85% of the turbidity is removed in the presiding phase [1]. The remaining turbidity present in the water is too small to settle to the bottom of a basin or tank by gravity. These small particles are negatively charged and repel each other. Before water can be filtered through membranes, these small particles must be neutralized by coagulants and adjuvants [2]. Coagulation and flocculation are steps in the water treatment process in which small particles are converted into a form that allows them to settle to the bottom of a tank. After the pre-sedimentation phase, the water is placed in a rapid mixer together with coagulants and adjuvants. Coagulants and coagulant aids are chemicals that react with small turbidity particles and turn them into a precipitate for further exclusion to purify water. A coagulant is an electrolyte that offers cations to precipitate the negatively charged center of the paper during the water treatment process. The flocculated water flows into a primary sedimentation basin where the water is retained for up to six hours in quiescent conditions. There are two types of primary sedimentation basins. A conventional sedimentation basin is 15 to 20 feet deep to allow for proper sedimentation. The water is held in a conventional sedimentation basin for 4-6 hours. A high velocity sedimentation basin is designed for a high water load which reduces the detention time to one to two hours [3]. The water then flows from the primary sedimentation basins to a final sedimentation basin. At this point the water is free of turbidity and a small amount of polymer is added to remove any flakes that may be present in the water. Chlorine is also added to the water to control biological growth when the water is filtered to remove any turbidity that may be present [1,3, 4].