Topic > Anthropological Theories in Anthropology - 1358

Both schools of thought strongly suggest, if not require, their anthropologist to spend an extended period of time with the people they are studying. Franz Boas worked closely with the Kwakiutl throughout his life. Likewise, Paul Radin worked with Winnebago for about fifty years. It is also highly encouraging that anthropologists learn the local language and do not rely solely on a translator to communicate with natives. Boas stated that “the categories of language force us to see the world organized into certain defined conceptual groups” (Boas 2012: 124). What he is saying is that the anthropologist must view the work from an emic perspective. An emic perspective is learning and understanding a culture by participating in and enriching oneself in one's surroundings. The only way to fully understand and become part of the culture is to learn the language. Benjamin Whorf, the linguist who developed the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, also promoted the importance of language. It states that language shapes how humans perceive the world around them and also influences their behavior (Whorf 2012). This idea of ​​fieldwork is still valued and practiced in anthropological studies today. However, Boas's student Kroeber differs slightly from this idea. Kroeber was not so interested in the idea of ​​focusing on a single community, but preferred a regional, super-organic view of cultures. A superorganic view of culture simply means focusing on the structure of culture rather than the individuals within it. Kroeber was still a proponent of historical particularism, but he preferred to combine the cultures of the area together to find similarities and differences instead of focusing on one culture like Boas and