3.1 Introduction to IOABS The basic concept behind IOABS is to prevent wheel skidding and locking by using the basic principle of ABS and TCS. The basic components of this system are the same as ABS and TCS. IOABS when locking occurs on any wheel while the ECU intervenes in the braking system the valve of the respective wheel opens and the other valves close then the motor connected to the fulcrum of the brake pedal releases the brake and when the speed of the wheel increases reapply the brakes on the wheel. Since the motor is used to directly operate the brake pedal, we are operating the brakes via switches on the steering wheel for the respective wheel braking. The concept behind using IOABS as a TCS system is that when TCS mode is selected, the programming in the ECU changes to TCS Mode. Wheel speed sensors calculate the speed of the respective wheels while another sensor calculates the speed of the vehicle. Slip is calculated by the ECU. If a wheel has experienced slippage, the ECU intervenes and applies the brakes to that wheel. As the wheel speed decreases, the slip also decreases.3.2 Construction of IOABS:Fig 3.1: Schematic diagram of IOABSComponent of IOABS:-1. Disc brake assembly2. Electronically controlled hydraulic valves3. Electronic control unit4. Master Cylinder5. DC6 motor. RPM sensorElectronic control unitThis is a microcontroller from the AVR family with• 8 KB of flash memory• 512 byte EEPROM• 1 KB of internal SRAMFlash memory is used to store the program that provides intelligence to the system. EEPROM is used to store data values ​​which may need to be changed by the program written by us but we want them to be stored permanently. The internal SRAM is used to store the values ​​of various variables which are not required......middle of paper......this RPM with the lateral velocity of the vehicle and calculates the slip. If one of the wheels slips, the ECU intervenes and momentarily applies the brake to that wheel until the wheel is in a non-slip condition. In practice zero slip is never possible, so some amount of slip is always present. The TCS intervenes only when the slip is above the critical level. 3.4 Advantages of IOABS1. It can prevent a potential accident.2. It can prevent the loss of steering response.3. The braking distance is short compared to the normal braking system.4. Prevents loss of tire grip.5. It can enable the vehicle to perform difficult maneuvers.6. Increases vehicle stability on slippery roads.3.5 Disadvantages of IOABS1. Fluid loss in the master cylinder can cause brake system failure.2. The maintenance cost of the system is high.3. An electronic failure can cause a system failure.