The problems caused by domestic violence become increasingly serious over time. Compared to car accidents and rapes, there are more women who get hurt due to domestic violence. Much research has been conducted to understand men's domestic violence, and some researchers have suggested that perpetrators of domestic violence abuse their partners because of their experience of rejection and shame. Therefore, a denial-abuse cycle existed (Brown, James, & Taylor, 2010). There are four stages in the cycle, in which the man's sense of rejection constitutes a threat to himself, which leads to defending himself from this threat and then results in abusive behavior. The first phase of the cycle is that the man experiences rejection from his current partner. The man's past experience of rejection from previous attachment relationships may explode through contact with the rejecting behavior of his current partner. Marrone et al. (2010) pointed out that previous experiences of rejection weaken a man's ability to cope with current rejection. Such experiences include excessive rejection, punishment, neglect, and abandonment. According to Bowlby's attachment research (cited in Bretherton, 1992, p. 769), repeated threats of rejection can lead to excessive separation anxiety. Therefore, an anxiously attached man tends to be the one who is rejected or abandoned several times by his parents or previous partner in his past life experience. There has been extensive research that has indicated a link between attachment style and abusive behavior in men (Brown et al., 2010). In addition to this, a man who received excessive punishment during childhood is more likely to be a problem individual (Fergusson & Lynskey, 1997). Therefore, when a m...... middle of paper...... one's childhood; it doesn't matter whether it's safety and nurturing or abandonment and neglect, guidance and respect, or abuse and contempt. Not only does the man become violent psychologically or physically, but he is also aggressive towards his partner whenever he feels that her experience of rejection and subsequent interruption cannot be calmed by the defense he has built. Those people with a history of abandonment or abuse are usually unable to trust their partners, so they perceive their partners as enemies instead of allies. These abusive relationships are often repeatable and become more intense, as if the man is riding a roller coaster. The rejection-abuse cycle is considered complete when the man feels he is unappreciated as his unrealistic relationship expectations are not met: closeness and intimacy, in other words, further rejection.
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