Episode 1 Part 2 The Case of Cannibalism At the end of listening 1 – you should be able to do the following –1. Explain clearly in your own words what “consequentialist moral reasoning” is? Consequentialist moral reasoning is the idea that the consequences of actions and conduct are the absolute basis for understanding what we classify as right or wrong about that particular act or conduct. In essence, this boils down to the fact that the ends justify the means. Consequentialism can also be summarized in the idea that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction, whether good or bad.2. Explain clearly in your own words what “categorical moral reasoning” is? Categorical moral reasoning is the idea that essentially some actions are innately placed in the wrong or written category, regardless of the imperative or outcome. Categorical moral reasoning essentially divides actions into categories and classifies which imperatives are right and wrong. A categorical imperative denotes an absolute and unconditional requirement that claims a non-negotiable both required and justified as an end in itself.3. Explain the meaning of Jeremy Bentham. Bentham gave the first idea of ​​utilitarianism or rather he captured the idea perfectly. Bentham stated that human beings thrive on two ideas: (1) the love of happiness and (2) the contempt of pain. Bentham once stated: “Nature has placed mankind under the government of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is up to them alone to indicate what we should do, as well as determine what we should do. At their throne are fixed on one side the criterion of right and wrong, on the other the chain of causes and effects. They govern us in everything we do, in everything we say, in everything we think… at the center of the card… For the Greatest Number” in different ways. One of them was that they were in what seemed to be a life or death situation and one of them had to die in order for the others to live? This is the core of that slogan because this slogan states that sacrifice for the majority to have maximum utility should be the ultimate goal. Another way it ties into this philosophy is the idea that due to his weakened state (Parker that is) the end, the survival of the able-bodied crew members, justified the means, which was cannibalism. This once again supports the idea of ​​doing what is best for the group. They saw the potential food opportunity in the weaker individual (who appeared to be dying) and sought to increase their own utility. These two ways are some of the ways in which this relates to the idea of ​​“the greatest good for the greatest number” proposed by Bentham.