Furthermore, more women were able to secure employment in traditionally female occupations such as teaching compared to male-dominated careers such as engineering. Furthermore, democratic countries such as the United States of America have recognized gender inequality as a fundamental issue and have espoused the equal right of men and women to contribute to social, economic and cultural life. Despite this improvement, gender inequality persists as women are not represented and treated equally in the workplace (Michialidis, Morphitou, & Theophylatou, 2012). The increasing number of women in the workplace has not provided equal career advancement opportunities for women due to the way women are treated within an organization and society. Furthermore, reaching an executive position seems impossible for women due to the glass ceiling effect that defines the invisible and artificial barrier created by attitudinal and organizational biases, which prevent women from reaching top executive positions (Wirth