Viewing the poem as a critique of life, Arnold uses it as a platform to wage a battle against the personal chaos brought about by the new age. Therefore, Arnold captures the essence of the Victorian era through his poetry, addressing the intellectual concerns of his time, particularly regarding religion, science, and the inner turmoil caused by believing in either. Just like the rest of his society, Arnold also struggled to fully believe in the power of religion. As a child and young adult, Arnold was exposed to religion a lot and grew up with two prominent religious figures in his life. For Arnold, the Reverend John Keble, who would later become one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, became Arnold's godfather. Additionally, Arnold's uncle, the Reverend John Buckland, tutored Arnold during his years at school, and during his brief attendance at Oxford Arnold attended Cardinal John Henry Newman's sermon classes. Having been exposed to and familiar with religion, Arnold grew to develop an unusual relationship with faith. Not necessarily completely convinced of all the teachings of the Church, Arnold developed his own vision of faith that worked with his beliefs. For Arnold, religion offered much wisdom, but he didn't agree with everything he was taught. Arnold rejected the supernatural elements in religion, but was still fascinated by the rituals of the Church. While not completely religious or completely agnostic, Arnold belonged to a middle ground who believed more in the poetic nature of religion and its virtues and values ​​for society. Scholar Terry Harris echoes this notion: “In religion, particularly Christianity, Arnold saw the potential to counteract the doubt, desperation, and uncertainty of his… medium of paper… role of God in the universe. , which directly undermined the teachings of the Church. Unlike the religious certainty of the past, more and more people began to feel uncomfortable about religion and even abandoned the Church to pursue their new theories of evolution over creationism after the publication of Darwin's Origin of Species (1859). By introducing the theory that the beginning of the world was the result of evolution and natural selection, Darwin's discoveries caused people to reevaluate their beliefs about the Bible and Creation stories. While some radically took Darwin's ideas, others incorporated these new ideas into their belief mindset, while others remained confused about what they should believe. Seeing science as the main reason for the loss of faith in the Victorian era, an issue Arnold was very concerned about, he became very jaded and critical of science..