Chameleons are reptiles that have lived on Earth for over 100 million years. Chameleon fossils date back to the Paleonzeno period. Their fossils have been found in Africa, Europe and Asia. Over half of the chameleon species live in Madagascar (Raxworthy, 2004). Chameleons are found in the Animal Kingdom and Phylum Chordata. They take their name from the family in which they are grouped called Chamaeleonidae. Chameleons are closely related to iguanas and other lizards. Although they are similar, chameleons have unique characteristics that set them apart from other lizards. The most distinctive feature of chameleons is their ability to change the color of their skin. Chameleons have special cells that allow them to change color. These special cells are called chromatophores (Raxworthy, 2004). They contain layers of pigments that lie beneath the outer skin. The dispersion of pigment granules in chromatophores determines the depth of color. When the pigment is evenly distributed in a chromatophore, the entire cell is deeply colored. When the pigment is found only inside...