For centuries women have fought against a male-dominated society to achieve a more equal position. This same society and its stereotypes about women have proven to be an obstacle to achieving this noble goal. These stereotypes prevailed in Renaissance England and flourished in many of the female characters in literature. Ben Jonson's classic comedy Volpone certainly falls into this category. Volpone's portrayal of Celia and the aspiring Lady reflects the misperceptions and low status of women in Renaissance England. Celia initially reveals herself, albeit briefly, in Act II, Scene II. He does not speak but simply observes Volpone from his window, dropping his handkerchief to demonstrate his interest. This scene with Volpone below on the street and Celia looking out the window from above recalls the romantic stories of a lady-in-waiting courted by the gentle knight. However, Volpone's intentions towards the beautiful Celia turn out to be less than honorable. Celia displays an innocence and naivety that proves endearing and repulsive at the same time. Even though women had limited rights during that time, her lack of self-esteem fuels the stereotype of the beautiful woman with no substance. Celia finally speaks in Act II, Scene IV, in response to her husband's angry tirade. When Corvino demoralizes Celia by dragging her in through the window, she responds, "Good sir, bear with me." The audience immediately sees Celia as a victim, unable to defend herself. Because she has relinquished control of her destiny to her husband, Celia plays the role of lady in distress, waiting for her knight in shining armor. Corvino, so jealous that he locks his wife in his room, does not fit the part of the white knight, but rather the vile... middle of paper... presenting one common stereotype after another. Even at the end, the actions of these two women continue to be predictable and dependent on male persuasion. The aspiring Lady, after falsely accusing Celia, must return to England on her husband's command. For Celia there remains an apparently happier ending. This happy ending, unfortunately, happens because of a man, his hero Bonario. Celia was saved and will probably live happily ever after with her prince. Each woman has her life controlled by a man and shows no hope of ever being independent. By creating these two spineless women with no real depth of character, Jonson successfully propagated stereotypes that have plagued women for centuries. Work Cited Jonson, Ben. Volpone, or The Fox. Ed. Brian Parker. New York: Manchester UP, 1999.