Dick Spencer faces multiple issues. The difficulty and complexity of these problems are caused by a variety of factors. The three most critical issues addressed are leadership issues within the company, communication and management support. A discussion of these factors, and recommendations regarding actions that Dick Spencer might take, serve as the basis for the analysis of this case. The first factor that plays an influential role in Dick Spencer's decision making is that there is no managerial support with any decision. Done. Having management support is important for a successful company. Without managerial support, this doesn't give employees any kind of direction on what to do or what they can do. There is a study (e.g. Rooney, J., & Gottlieb, B. 2009) that has shown that there are employees who are more likely to prefer and benefit from a management style that encourages employees to participate within the company and supports their ideas rather than having to keep their ideas to themselves. When there is no support from your manager, this causes employees to keep to themselves and not let management know when there are problems or if they have any ideas that could bring improvements to the company as a whole . There are multiple effects that can occur when there is no managerial support. There is job strain that will cause physical and emotional symptoms that can make it difficult for employees to perform their daily tasks well. There is a loss of confidence in the work they do. When you have these problems, it causes stress for the employee. Everyone handles stress differently. Different symptoms caused by stress are fatigue, pain, difficulty... middle of paper... improvement. Working in this type of atmosphere definitely reduces staff morale. This creates a negative atmosphere within the company which causes stress and decreased performance. With the lack of leadership within the company, this means that employees have little control over time management. This gives employees a lack of commitment to their work and the hours they put in. It also means that the employee does not know the deliverables or the expectations towards them. One study (e.g., Palmer, 2009) showed that 60% of companies believe that leadership is the skill they need to develop to move their business forward. Some other effects of lack of communication arise from the lack of distributing orders or tasks, showing employees the company's policies and rules, setting goals for each employee, and helping motivate employees..